Burner.



E. J. SPINK.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.20, 1911.

Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

Q/Vi/mwoaeo UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

EDWARD/J. srmx, or COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA, ASSIGNOB, or ONE- TI-IIRD r0 Josnrn a. r0 aonnrvr s. HUMPHREY, BOTH or counorn BLUFFS,

MILLER AND ONE-THIRD IOWA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 20, 1911. Serial No. 622,417.-

BURNER.

Patented Apr. 30,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD J. SPINK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Council Bluffs, in the county of Pottawattamie and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Burner, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in burners, and is particularly directed to'a burner designed for the utilization of liquid hydro-carbon as fuel, and while not limited to the use of any particular liquid fuel it is particularly adaptable for the use of gasolene as the liquid fuel.

It is customary in burners 'of the class to which the present invention relates to direct the liquid fuel through a heating chamber for causing the gasificat-ion of the fuel and the gas so generated is then caused to pass through a regulating valve and'to issue in a stream of suitable size where the gas is mixed with a sufiicient quantity of air to sustain combustion.

The present invention has to do with the gasification of the liquid fuel, and'its object is to provide an eflicient preheater for the fuel which will cause the liquid fuel to be converted into gas of a sufficiently high temperature to produce the most perfect combustion when ignited in the presence of a sufficient quantity of air to support such combustion and to cause this preheating at a minimum cost.

The invention comprises a chambered member having a passage therethrough out of communication with the chamber and substantially axial thereto, the chamber within the member being in surrounding relation to the central passage and at one end of this chambered structure there is mounted a substantially semi-spherical deflector. At the other end of the central channel or passage through the chambered body there is provided a burner structure preferably of the Bunsen type, so positioned as to direct a flame of burning gas through the central passage, against the interior of the semi-spherical deflector, and the latter then causes a return of the flame exterior to the chambered member, so that the walls of the chamber within the member are sub-' jected to the action of the hot gases of combustion on both sides, and consequently the chamber is intensely heated. Gasolene' is conducted to the interior of the chamber and on being ga'sified passes from the chamber both to the burner structure already mentioned and to the main burner structure where the gasitied hydro-carbon is utilized as may be desired. In order to start the device in operation there is provided a priming pan which may be carried by the deflector, so that the gasifying chamber may be preliminarily heated to supply as to the burner afterward utilized for %he heating of'such chamber to cause the production of an intensely hot gas directed to the main burner, as Well as to the subburner.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the followingdetailed description, taken in connection with .the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with the understand ing, however, that while the drawings illustrate the invention in a practical form, the said invention is by no means limited to the exact construction disclosed in the drawings, since it is susceptible of various changes and modifications without any material departure from the principles of the invention. In the drawings igure 1 is a longitudinal axial section of the preheater and parts associated therewith. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. l.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown a chambered member 1 preferably, though not necessarily, cylindrical in cross section, and this member is provided with'a central or axial passage 2 completely therethrough, and in the walls surroundin such passage there is formed an annular c amber 3 stopthat such chamber is completely inclosed by the outer walls of said member 1, and the axis of the said member and threaded at the outer end to constitute a nipple, to which is ping short of the ends of the member 1, so

applied a threaded socket member 5 projecting from a hollow stem 6, whiclqi at appropriate points-is-formed with nee s 7 8, for v the passage of respective valve stems 9 and 10, and these valve stems have conical ends 11 designed to control passages 12, 13, respectively, in other necks 14, 15, respectively, branched off from the stem 6 in line with the necks 7 and-8. The neck 14: is in substantial alinement with the longitudinal axis of the member 1 and is threaded for the reception of a sleeve 16 provided with an appropriate number ofrholes 17 through its walls, and this -sleeve has its open end directed toward the passage or channel 2 in substantial alinement therewith and com paratively close to the corresponding end of said assage. The valve stems 9 and 10 are provided with hand wheels 18, 19, respectively. At the ends of the necks 7 and 8 remote from the stem 6 are packing glands 20 through which the valve stems 9 and 10 ass.

The body member 1 is formed at the end remote from the extension t with bosses 21, preferably though not necessarily at diametrically opposite sides of the passage 2, and these bosses receive other bosses 22 in abutting relation, the bosses 22 being formed on the interior of a deflector shell 28, the latter being substantially semi-spherical in form, although this particular shape is not mandatory, and the relation of the parts is such that the center of curvature of the deflector is within the passag 2 and the open end of the deflector is in embracing spaced relation to the corresponding end of the body 1. Screws 2 1 extending through the bosses 22 and tapped into the bosses 21 serve to hold the deflector 23 in proper relation to the body member 1. The deflector also carries a primin pan 25, which latter is formed on one en with an extension 26 shaped to lie snugly against the deflector 23,

and this extension is perforated for the passage of a screw 27 by means of which the pan 25 is secured to the deflector 23 and is held in underriding and sufliciently close relation to the body member 1.

It is of importance in burner structures that joints be avoided, since the structure is subjected to great heat changes, and joints in parts through which fluids flow soon become leaky because of the expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. For this reason the body member 1 is a single casting, the chamber 2 being cored out, and for this urpose core supports are used in casting tie cylindrical member 1 with its chamber 3, and after the casting is finished the holes formed by the core supports are closed by plugs 28 tapped into these holes.

In order that the plugs may be properly.

from a suitable supply of gasolene and opening into the chamber 3.

When the gasification of the liquid hydrocarbon depends upon the conduction of heat through the supports of the main burner, such gasification is not alwaysv sufliciently pronounced and may even fail when the burner is of large size and, is operating at its full capacity. \Vhen the gasifying portion of the burner is so situated as to be subj ected to the action of the main flame, such flame is often destructive to the gasifying part of the burner, and if such. burner be made of sufficient size may interfere with the proper operation of the main flame.

With the present invention thegasifying portion of the burner is not in the main flame at all but to one side thereof, and a sub or secondary burner is employed to provide the heat for the gasifying of the liquid hydro-carbon. By this means the gasifying flame of the secondary burner is readily regulable'and a full supply of gaseous hydrocarbon is always obtainable irrespective of the size of the primary or main burner.

When the apparatus is started, alcohol, gasolene or some other such liquid is placed in the pan 25 and is lighted and sufliciently heats the gasifying member 1 to cause the conversion of gasolene entering the chamber 3 through the pipe 30 into a gas, which will flow from the chamber 3 into the neck 6, and through the passage 12 when the valve 11 is open and sufficient pressure is created to cause the gas to issue in a stream from the passage 12 through the cylinder 16 mixing with an appropriate amount of air and when lit, the flame passes through the channel 2 and impinging against the in nor wall of the deflector 3 is directed toward the entering end of the chamber 21 exterior to the member 1, whereby the flame acts upon the member 1 both on the interior walls defining the passage 2 and on the exterior walls of the member 1, thus practically bathing the gasifying member 1 in flame, whereby the chamber 3 is intensely heated and gasolene entering the same is converted into highly heated gas, which in a small part is utilized to maintain the heating flame for the chamber 3, while by far-'the greater portion of the gas may be utilized at the main burner and issues through the passage 13.

Because of the intense heat to which the member leis subjected on practically all sides, both interiorly and exteriorly, the

capacity of the chamber? for gasifying the gasolene becomes very great as compared to the size of the structure. Moreover, the de: flector 23 causes the utilization of a large portion of the heat units which would be lost were the flame allowed to issue from the burner and the gasifying chamber controlled thereby provide a means whereby the gasification of the liquid hydro-carbon is under complete control and independent of the main burner, so that the gasifying device is easily regulated to the demands thereupon and entirely independently of the main burner.

Because the cylindrical member 1 inclosing the gasifying chamber is a single piececasting without oint of any kind, it may be subjected to any degree of variation of temperature in use without any danger of producing leaks, as would occur were joints present.

WVhat is claimed is 1. In a burner, a gasifying device for a liquid hydro-carbon comprising a chambered member having a passage therethrough and freely exposed on its exterior, a'

burner at one end of said passage in position to direct a flame therethrough, and a deflector located at and confined to the other end of the passage for returning the flame in enveloping relation to the exterior of the gasifying member.

2. In a burner, a gasifying device for liquid hydro-carbon comprising a cylindrical member having a freely exposed exterior and an interior, unobstructed, annular chamber formed therein and a central passage extending entirely therethrough, a burner in axial relation to the central passage in position to direct a flame therethrough, and a deflector carried by the other or exit end of the cylindrical member and of greater diameter than and confined to the exit end of the said cylindrical member for directing the flame extending through the central passage through the cylindrical member into enveloping relation to the exterior of said gasifying member.

3. In a burner, a gasifying device comprising an elongated cylindrical member having a freely exposed exterior and an interior, unobstructed, annular chamber therein and a central passage entirely therethrough, a burner in alinement with the central passage and located adjacent one end thereof for directing a flame therethrough, and a substantially semi-spherical deflector carried by the other end of the cylindrical member and having its open end directed toward the burner end of the gasifying mem her.

4. In a burner, a gasifying device comprising an elongated cylindrical member having a freely exposed exterior and an interior, unobstructed, annular chamber therein and a central passage entirely therethrough, a burner in alinement with the central passage and located adjacentone end thereof for directing a flame therethrough, and a substantially semi-spherical deflector carried by the other end of the cylindrical member and having its open end directed toward the burner end oflthe gasifying member, said semiespherical deflector having its center of curvature interior to the passage through the cylindrical member, and its open end in surrounding relation to the corresponding end of the said cylindrical member and also having interior bosses for spacing the deflector with relation to the cylindrical member, said bosses having passages therethrough for fastening means connecting the deflector with the said cylindrical member.

5. In a burner, a gasifying device for liquid fuel comprising a one piece cylindrical member having a freely exposed exterior and an interior, unobstructed, annular chamber formed therein and a central passage entirely therethrough, a burner at one end of the cylindrical member in substantial alinement with the central passage for directing a flame therethrough, a substantially semi-spherical deflector carried by the end of the cylindrical member remote from the burner and in spaced embracing relation to the corresponding end of said cylindrical member, a priming pan or cup carried by the deflector in operative relation to the cylidrical member, means for introducing fuel into the chamber within the cylindrical member, and means for conducting the gasified fuel from the chamber.

6. In a burner, a gasifying member having means for directing a flame therethrough and also having a freely exposed exterior, and a deflector for changing the direction of the flame into enveloping relation to the exterior of the gasifying member.

7. In combination, a feed duct for a main burner, a supplemental burner and feed duct therefor, and a gasifying member having a gasifying chamber therein communicating with both feed ducts, said gasifying member having a passage therethrough in line with the supplemental burner and provided with means for directing the flame of the supplemental burner traversing the passage through said gasifying chamber into enveloping relation to the exterior walls of said gasifying chamber.

8. In combination, a feed duct for a main burner, a supplemental burner and. feed duct therefor, a common gasifying means for liquid fuel communicating with both feed ducts and comprising a single casting with a freely exposed exterior and an interior unobstructed annular chamber formed therein and provided witha central passage extending entirely therethrough, the supplemetal burner being in close alined relation to the central passage through the gasifying member, means for directing liquid fuel to the chamber in the gasifying member, a substantially semi-spherical deflector provided with means for connecting it directly to that end of the gasifying member remote from In testimony, that I claim the foregoing the burner and having its open end directed as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signatoward the burner end of the gasifying memture in the presence of two Witnesses.

her and in surrounding spaced relation to EDWARD J. SPINK. 5 said member, and a priming cup or pan Witnesses:

carried by the deflector in operative relation FRED JOHNSON,

to the gasifying member. LEWIS J. PATTERSON. 

